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9.13.2010

Green Thoughts

Green Thoughts

By Guest Blogger Phil Fingerhut, NAHB CGP

In order to maximize sales, rediscover profits, and work toward the goal of 100% customer satisfaction, all of us are striving to find the ideal balance between:

Product Differentiation
Target Marketing
Sales Management
Cost Control
Professional Advice and
Planning Support
One way to do this is to incorporate strong corporate continuity while using various nationally recognized home features associated with Green construction. Generally, the market is presently more price driven and competitive than ever, but there may be an opportunity in our regional markets to achieve the balance. Some suggestions include:

Achieve Product Differentiation by strategically incorporating Green designs and features that set you apart from the competition.


Target Market groups such as the Millennials (who will be both environmentally aware and energy cost sensitive), and the 50+ Boomers who may want to downsize to a more efficiently designed and constructed home.


Manage the Sales efforts, starting with raising the whole company culture, and then implementing specific educational efforts on tools such as Energy Efficient Mortgages, utility savings models, construction details, etc. And then promote the differentiating company and product attributes.


Control Costs by researching ways to offset additional material costs with more efficient construction methods.


Seek out appropriate Professional Advisors, possibly including a third party rater and/or verifier and advanced Trade Partners who are aligned with the goals.


Planning Support can be provided by professional groups such as Shinn Consulting or other specialized entities that can help benchmark local efforts against other successful national programs.


The Green mindset can be approached with a program—generated internally by your own company—that incorporates perceived local market needs and desires. This can be done successfully, but it may lack the enhanced consumer perceived legitimacy of a branded Third Party system. If this path is chosen, carefully construct the program and then engage in a lively marketing effort, being extremely sensitive to the liabilities of implied or actually promised product performances.

In order to address consumer confidence relative to a Green program, consider a well branded third party program. A very straightforward, effective and well branded national program is Energy Star. Really can't go wrong there! Energy Star (www.energystar.gov) costs would include the rater and some additional construction costs, depending on your present specifications and construction methods and the desired HERS rating. Please note that Version 3 will be implemented in the near future, and will include enhanced performance standards. Also note that there have been tax incentives and rebates for Builders and consumers relative to the Energy Star and other programs. See: www.dsireusa.org.

The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) sponsors the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) program. This started in the 90s as a commercially oriented program and has more recently incorporated residential applications. It also possesses tremendous branding capacity, but can be a bit cumbersome administratively, depending on the local market.

Recently the ICC, in conjunction with the NAHB and ANSI, produced the Green Building Standards (ICC 700). This is a formal codified optional tiered program that coordinates with the nationally accepted ICC family of codes. The NAHB has invested tremendous resources in coordinating the effort and producing the Green Scoring Tool (www.nahbgreen.org) to help builders navigate the process. Soon the International Green Construction Code (IGCC) will be perfected and will also codify non-residential Green construction. The ICC 700 National Green Building Standards most likely will become the premier residential comprehensive Green program.

This briefly outlines some considerations for us all as the industry experiences the upcoming measured recovery. Green has been an often used, possibly well worn, moniker. But when properly and carefully packaged and marketed, it can be an increasingly powerful tool in attracting the ever evolving buyer who wants to live in a comfortable, safe, affordable, energy efficient home with a measure of environmental awareness



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Scott's Contracting
scottscontracting@gmail.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.blogspot.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.com
scotty@stlouisrenewableenergy.com

A Two-Phased LEED for Homes Gut Rehab


Cambridge, MA

Aug 5 By Peter Yost | 0 comments

General Specs and Team

Location: Cambridge, MA
Bedrooms: 5
Bathrooms: 3
Living Space : 2860 sqf
Cost (USD/sq. ft.): $250/sqf

This cost is for the Phase II work, approximately 1200 square feet.

Project Leader: Jim Newman, BuidlingGreen
Builder: Fenton Inc. Custom Builders
Architect: Next Phase Studios
Solar: CAPCO Energy Supply
LEED for Homes & Energy Consultant: Mark Price, Steven Winter Associates

Construction

Basement: Concrete block, Icynene open-cell spray foam between floor joists
Above-grade walls (Phase I): 2 by 6, 5.5-inch fiberglass batt, 3/4-inch Polyiso rigid exterior insulation
Above-grade walls (Phase II): Various thicknesses of exterior and interior rigid EPS and 3.5-inch Icynene cavity fill
Attic: 7.5-inch Icynene rafter cavity fill insulation + 4 inches of interior EPS rigid board insulation (plus 2 by 4 strapping)

Energy

HERS score: 80
Heating Degree Days: 5200
Cooling Degree Days: 1050

Solar: Caleffi Rooftop solar hot water system

Cavity Insulation: Icynene spray foam
Rigid insulation: EPS
Attic R-value: 41
Above-grade wall R-value (Phase I): 24
Above-grade wall R-value (Phase II): 27 - 30
Basement R-value: 22
Windows: Accurate Dorwin Fiberglass (U-value=0.21; SHGC=0.26; VT=0.45)

Water Efficiency

Inside:
Toilets:Toto throughout
Faucets & showerheads: Delta WaterSense lav faucets and Symmons showerheads (with flow restrictor) throughout
Clothes washer:Whirlpool h-axis clothes washer
Dishwasher: LG
Outside:
Irrigation system: none
Rainwater harvesting: Berg Pillow Tank (under back deck)

Indoor Air Quality

Mechanical Ventilation: Lennox Healthy Climate Solutions HRV-3 200
Spot Exhaust Fans: Energy Star Panasonic
Interior Finishes: Benjamin Moore Natura; SafeCoat PolySeal floor finish
Contaminant Control: block off HVAC during construction, walk off features at entrances, shoe storage

Green Materials and Resource Efficiency

Reclaimed: foundation, floor framing, interior & exterior wall framing, cabinetry, finished floors, interior trim, roof/wall/floor sheathing
Jobsite Recycling: > 75% (wood, rubble, carboard, metals)
Framing, Sheathing, Siding and Trim: FD Sterritt FSC-certified wood building products

Certification

USGBC LEED for Homes Silver (pending)

Planning ahead, using the same design team, and comprehensive whole house performance evaluation all keys to this unique 10-year LEED for Homes project

Don't all major home renovations span decades?
Jim Newman and Sarah Slaughter bought a rather pedestrian Cambridge home in 1996 and began full renovation in 2001, recently completing the metamorphosis in 2010. They have always taken the long view on both the environment and their own home's performance. As building professionals in their own right, Jim and Sarah worked closely with NPS Studios and their contractor on the energy and resource efficiency aspects during BOTH phases of their whole-house renovation.

Can the Newman-Slaughter two-phase gut rehab LEED for Homes qualify?
"It's a special project that will qualify," says Mark Price, Senior Sustainability Specialist with Steve Winter Associates, a LEED for Homes AP and rater. Mark feels pretty strongly that there are five aspects of this project that justify treating this two-phase project as a single one:

1. Existing comprehensive documentation – "Jim and the design/construction team took detailed and numerous photos of open-cavity walls and roofs, had a full set of plans, and specifications for Phase I," says Mark. "If I can verify everything from Phase I, I can count it."

"I think we spent three straight hours pouring over the photos and nailing down just exactly where the building envelope (thermal barrier and air barrier) was, how Phase I and II elements lined up," says Jim.

2. Same design firm - "We always had a two-phase plan with NPS Studios," says Jim. "We just did not know exactly how closely (or not) Phase II might follow Phase I. And since LEED for Homes did not exist during Phase I, it was a really interesting opportunity to see if what we had accomplished in Phase I could dovetail with Phase II to make the whole project eligible for LEED for Homes."

3. Extensive performance testing of Phase I – Working with just an infrared camera to start, and then adding steady depressurization of the home with a blower door to exaggerate thermal and air barrier short circuits, Mark and Jim carefully identified places in Phase I that would need to be addressed as part of Phase II. "There were not a lot of them, but they were significant," explains Mark. "But Sarah and Jim made the commitment to pull the entire home's performance up to the LEED for Homes standards."

4. Conservative assessment – Jim agreed with Mark's decision to essentially give all of the Phase I details, such as quality of insulation, a conservative rating (grade II – a less than perfect installation).

5. Phase I changes as part of Phase II – Sarah and Jim went through the LEED for Homes rating system line by line with Mark Price. For example, when they got to the existing masonry fireplace, Mark was unsure about how they would feel about adding operable doors, a LEED for Homes prerequisite. Jim relates," Actually, we had wanted to add airtight doors since we put the fireplace in and all we needed was this push."

Not all of the resolutions required were quite that easy. When the performance testing indicated that air sealing and insulating on Phase I living room eaves would mean taking down the soffit and spray foaming that whole area, that is no small project. "It's not easy to pile on that sort of effort and expense," remarks Jim. "But the question is: is it worth it? And we decided the answer was yes because it made our home more energy efficient, comfortable and durable."

Mechanical serendipity
During Phase I, NPS defined a zone heating and cooling system, and the HVAC contractor decided to install two 3.5-ton AC units. One services the downstairs with ducts and air handler in the unconditioned basement, and one services the upstairs from the unconditioned attic. Seven tons of cooling for less than 3,000 square feet in a cold climate! Problem or opportunity?

"Good question!" quips Jim. LEED for Homes requirements would mean eliminating the ducts and air handler in the unconditioned basement. Could the upstairs unit (now inside the insulated unvented cathedralized Phase I attic) provide sufficient comfort throughout the whole house, directly conditioning the upstairs and indirectly the downstairs? "After the Phase II improvements, the whole house loads can now be served by a single unit," adds Mark.

"We have now had some real-world testing of just the upstairs delivery and it does fine for the open areas (living room, dining room, and kitchen) but more tweaking is probably needed to provide sufficient comfort in the two separate downstairs rooms (library and bedroom)," says Jim. "The redistribution accomplished by the whole house ventilation system is key to this. Probably just use the second 3.5 ton compressor as an in-place spare," Jim says with a smile.

Using LEED for Homes: point chasing or informing the process?
For Jim Newman and Sarah Slaughter, there is just one way to use any rating system. "It informs, not drives the process," states Jim. "We developed a package of water, energy, and resource efficiency features for our home renovation and used the LEED for Homes prerequisites and credits as just a double check. The points and rating are what they are."

But if you look at the extensive features in the project detail sidebar, Sarah and Jim ended up with a high performance home; it just took a while to get there.

Lessons Learned

Jim and Sarah are generally pleased with the way their two phase renovation has worked. Jim summed it up this way. "We did what we could at each stage, living pretty much in each section of the house as the other was gutted. We could have ended up with lots of disconnects because of the two-phase approach, but the upfront time spent on planning and sticking with the same design firm really paid off."

That said, Jim identified three main issues he would have liked to do differently or get a second strike at with hindsight.

The flashing details
Without the details drawn up or mocked up ahead of actual construction, the inevitable job site pressure meant that some details were either created or just simply installed on the fly. "Even the best of us sometimes needs breathing space to chew on what we are doing, and we missed that," says Jim.

The A/C and ducting issues
Jim again: "We absolutely should have hammered this out before we started Phase II work. It worked out ok, but more by happenstance than by design. We could have saved a lot of grief and head scratching if we had dealt with the issues of loads and duct runs and equipment location ahead of construction."

Planning for water harvesting
While Jim and Sarah knew they wanted to set up a rain water harvesting system (to fill the pool and eliminate irrigation needs), they needed to know much earlier in their planning about just how much space is required to store the amounts they get off of their roof. "It's easy in the wet northeast to treat water harvesting as a bit of a late term add-on. But while it is easy to take the amount we get or granted, STORING it is NOT something to take lightly!" says Jim.

When asked about the LEED for Homes experience, Jim does not hesitate: "Definitely worth the time and the effort and the expense. We have a much better home because we went through the LEED for Homes rating program and process. The documentation is definitely a pain in the butt, but it's part of the process that connects design, materials and construction, in a good way."


Peter Yost

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Scott's Contracting
scottscontracting@gmail.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.blogspot.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.com
scotty@stlouisrenewableenergy.com

New Green Building Products


Every energy-efficient home needs a tight air barrier. Here are some products that might help: a cover for recessed cans, a caulk for polyethylene, and a handful of new housewraps

Posted on Sep 10 by Martin Holladay, GBA Advisor

In this new-product roundup, I'll look at a cover for recessed can lights, a new caulk for polyethylene, and several new water-resistive barriers (WRBs) that promise better performance than Tyvek or Typar.

A fire-resistant hat for recessed can lights
A Delaware manufacturer named Tenmat is selling an airtight hat for recessed can lights. Tenmat light covers are made from mineral wool; according to the manufacturer, they are fire-resistant.

Tenmat covers are installed from the attic. After making a slit in the cover to accommodate the electrical cable, the cover is pushed down to the drywall ceiling. The cover should be glued to the drywall with canned foam or thermal caulk. Needless to say, the slit or hole made for the cable needs to be sealed with housewrap tape or canned foam.

Once the Tenmat covers are installed, the ceiling can be insulated with almost any type of insulation, including fiberglass batts, cellulose, or spray polyurethane foam.

Tenmat covers come in two sizes: "regular" (9 inches high and 14 inches wide) and "oversized" (10 3/4 inches high and 16 inches wide). Energy Federation Incorporated sells regular size Tenmat covers for $19.65 each.

Besides the high price, there's only one catch to Tenmat covers: the covers can only be used for recessed can fixtures equipped with CFL or LED bulbs. If a homeowner inserts an incandescent or halogen bulb in the fixture, it can overheat.

Dow Corning 758 caulk
Dow Corning has come out with a new caulk that sticks to a great variety of materials, including polyethylene.


FOR MORE INFORMATION

Cosella-Dörken Products
4655 Delta Way
Beamsville, Ontario L0R 1B4
Canada
Tel: 905-563-3255 or 888-433-5824
info@cosella-dorken.com

Dow Corning
P.O. Box 994
Midland, MI 48686-0994
800-248-2481

Henry Co.
909 North Sepulveda Boulevard
El Segundo, CA 90245
800-486-1278

Tenmat
23 Copper Drive
Newport, DE 19804
302-633-6600

VaproShield
915 26th Ave. NW, Suite C5
Gig Harbor, WA 98335
866-731-7663
sales@vaproshield.com

The new sealant, Dow Corning 758, is a silicone caulk that the manufacturer claims will stick to polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl, polyolefin housewrap (for example, Typar), peel-and-stick flashing (including Vycor and Tyvek window flashing), and peel-and-stick membrane (including Ice and Water Shield). The broad range of materials to which it sticks makes the caulk particularly useful for window installation.

Dow Corning 759 is said to be a low-VOC product.

A warning to anyone seeking technical information from Dow Corning on this product: my repeated attempts to obtain answers to a few basic questions about 758 sealant were ignored by the company. If any GBA readers can provide further information, please post a comment below.

Delta-Fassade S
Did you ever wonder why housewrap manufacturers can't come up with a tougher product — something that doesn't rip away from nail heads or get damaged by ladders?

If you're tired of Tyvek and Typar, and willing to pay for something tougher, you might want to look at four housewraps from Cosella-Dörken Products.

In ascending order of price, Cosella-Dörken's tear-resistant weather-resistive barriers are Vent S, Delta-Foxx, Delta-Maxx, and Fassade S.

Rated at 69 perms, Vent S costs about 45 cents a square foot — roughly three or four times the price of Tyvek or Typar. Delta-Foxx (214 perms) is more permeable than Vent S, but also pricier — between 65 and 90 cents a square foot. In Europe, Delta-Foxx is used on roofs as well as walls.

At 14 perms, Delta-Maxx has a lower permeance than Cosella-Dörken's other WRBs. However, it has the greatest tear resistance.

If you need a WRB that can withstand a certain amount of UV exposure — for example, a WRB for use behind open-joint cladding systems — you can use Cosella-Dörken's top-of-the-line WRB, a product called Fassade S. Delta Fassade S (74 perms) costs between $1.10 and $1.20 a square foot.

Fasssade S has UV inhibitors that allow it to be installed behind unusual cladding systems — for example, a screen made of gapped boards that admit some sunlight. Gaps may be up to 2 inches wide. "Basically it is designed to be exposed to some sunlight throughout its life," said Peter Barrett, product manager.

Although it can withstand quite a bit of UV exposure, the manufacturer recommends that it be covered with cladding within 3 months of installation. Fassade S does not qualify as an air barrier.

To make sure that fastener penetrations are watertight, the manufacturer recommends the use of tape or a foam gasket between the WRB and any girt or strapping attached to the WRB.

Building scientist John Straube tested Fassade S by attaching it to the exterior of a small trailer. After driving the trailer for more than 6,000 miles, through snow and heat, he says that the housewrap "is still going strong.There was not a bit of deterioration or fraying that I could see in the wrap."

WrapShield SA
VaproShield is selling a self-adhered WRB called WrapShield SA. Although it's a peel-and-stick product, it's not a rubberized membrane; it's a vapor-permeable housewrap.

The fact that it is a self-adhered wrap gives it several advantages: since it's self-adhering, fewer fastener penetrations are required to install it; it doesn't flap in the wind or suffer from "wind pumping" problems; and it's very airtight.

In addition to being a WRB, WrapShield SA can be used as part of an air barrier system. According to the manufacturer, it sticks well to plywood, OSB, DensGlass sheathing, and concrete blocks. No primer is necessary.

WrapShield SA seals well around small fasteners, although larger fasteners like #12 or #14 screws might require sealing. WrapShield SA works well with a rainscreen application; the manufacturer also makes a vinyl batten called VaproBatten to complete the installation.

WrapShield SA is rated at 50 perms and costs between 82 and 95 cents per square foot.

Henry Blueskin VP
Henry Company, a manufacturer with plants in Ontario and El Segundo, Calif., also manufactures a self-adhered WRB, similar in many ways to WrapShield SA. Henry Company's product is called Blueskin VP.

Blueskin VP has a permeance of 29 perms. It needs to be applied at temperatures of 40°F or warmer. Like WrapShield SA, Blueskin VP has a peel-away paper backing; it can be adhered to a wide variety of substrates (including OSB, plywood, DensGlass, and concrete blocks) without fasteners. A primer must first be installed if the product is used over concrete or concrete blocks.

Last week's blog: "Using Rigid Foam As a Water-Resistive Barrier."


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Scott's Contracting
scottscontracting@gmail.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.blogspot.com
http://www.stlouisrenewableenergy.com
scotty@stlouisrenewableenergy.com

Sedalia, Missouri Insulation Manufacturer

Green Build Information, Sedalia, Missouri Insulation Manufacturer
Follow Up on Building a Green America


energy-solutionsheader image

Foamglas – My New Favorite Insulation Material

An old insulation material, Foamglas, is back and offers some significant environmental and performance benefits over the insulation materials most commonly used below-grade.

Posted on Sep 7 by Alex Wilson
I spend a lot of time studying insulation--which is one of the most important components of any green home or commercial building. I have a new favorite. Foamglas® building insulation has been made by Pittsburgh Corning for many decades and is widely used in Europe. For the past decade or two, however, it has only been actively marketed in North America for industrial applications. (It's been listed in our GreenSpec Directory as an industrial insulation material for years.)
Now Foamglas is back. Axel Rebel was brought over from Europe a couple years ago to rekindle interest in the product for building insulation. As Pittsburgh Corning's vice president and general manager of the North American Building Division, he's likely to make that happen. I met Rebel at the Building Science Corporation Westford Symposium (a.k.a. Summer Camp) last month, and I've been getting more excited about the product since then, as I've studied the particulars.
What is Foamglas?
Foamglas is a cellular glass insulation material that's impervious to moisture, totally inert (no offgassing), resistant to insects and vermin, strong, and reasonably well-insulating (R-3.44 per inch). It can be used for insulating roofs, walls, and below-grade applications, including beneath slabs. It is produced in 18" x 24" dimensions, and in 1-1/2" to 6" thicknesses, in 1/2" increments. An asphalt-based sealant is used between the insulation boards during installation.
Foamglas is 100% glass—manufactured primarily from sand, limestone, and soda ash. (Virgin ingredients are used in the two North American factories—in Texas and Missouri—while up to 66% recycled glass could be used, and European product has significant recycled content.) These ingredients are melted into molten glass, which is cooled and crushed into a fine powder. The powdered glass is poured into molds and heated (below the melting point) in a "sintering" process that causes the particles to adhere to one another. Next, a small amount of finely ground carbon-black is added, and the material is heated in a "cellulation" process. Here, the carbon reacts with oxygen, creating carbon dioxide, which forms the insulating bubbles in the Foamglas. CO2 accounts for more than 99% of the gas in the cellular spaces, and it is permanently trapped there.
If you scratch a piece of Foamglas (your fingernail can cut into it), you will detect a slight rotten-egg smell from hydrogen sulfide. Iron sulfate is used in the manufacturing process, and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide is produced. You don't want to breathe a lot of hydrogen sulfide, but there's very little in Foamglas and it's locked tightly into the cellular glass—in fact, even after 30 years in place, scratching Foamglas produces the same smell. "It's proof that the cells are absolutely airtight," Rebel told me.
Features
I'm working on an in-depth product review for the October issue of Environmental Building News that will address the various performance properties and environmental attributes of Foamglas; I only touch on them here. Readers of my articles and blogs over the last few years know that I've been critical of certain insulation materials for the flame retardants, blowing agents, formaldehyde, and other chemicals contained in them. This is where Foamglas excels. There are no blowing agents that deplete ozone or contribute to global warming. There are no flame retardants or other additives needed to improve fire resistance.
As a 100% inorganic material, Foamglas is inert and fireproof. And it has enough compressive strength to be used under any concrete slab—an application where extruded polystyrene (XPS) currently dominates the market. It's better than XPS, because, in addition to the absence of those chemicals, Foamglas is totally impervious to moisture (vapor and liquid), does not support mold growth, blocks radon, and keeps out termites and rodents.
Cost and availability
Foamglas is significantly more expensive than the other insulation materials we use. The typical cost of Foamglas T4+ (the most common product for building insulation) is about $1.00 per board-foot, according to Rebel—roughly two-and-a-half times the cost of extruded polystyrene (XPS), which averages about $0.40 per board-foot. Rebel admits that if you're comparing insulation materials simply based on cost and insulation value, you're not going to choose Foamglas. "We have to add another value," he told me. That value can come from replacing other layers in the construction system (vapor retarders, moisture barriers, radon-control layers), from greater durability, from environmental attributes, and even from installing a thinner concrete slab. "We can reduce the thickness of the concrete slab, because Foamglas is so rigid," Rebel said. Foamglas becomes more cost-competitive if you factor in all of these issues.
Foamglas is manufactured at two U.S. factories (in Texas and Missouri) and can be shipped anywhere. Product is currently distributed through dozens of dealers that primarily market industrial Foamglas materials. Rebel told me that it's no problem to supply it for individual houses—though shipping may increase the cost and result in some delay. With Pittsburgh Corning looking to increase its presence in the building insulation market, and especially in green building, this could be a good time to try it out.
For more information, contact Pittsburgh Corning Corp. at 724-327-6100 or visit the company's U.S. website.
In addition to this Energy Solutions blog, Alex writes the weekly blog on BuildingGreen.com: Alex's Cool Product of the Week, which profiles an interesting new green building product each week. You can sign up to receive notices of these blogs by e-mail—enter your e-mail address in the upper right corner of any blog page.
Alex is founder of BuildingGreen, LLC and executive editor of Environmental Building News. To keep up with his latest articles and musings, you can sign up for his Twitter feed.

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